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ASTM A325 (F3125) Structural Nuts And Bolts
The ASTM A325 specification covers high strength heavy hex structural bolts from 1/2” diameter through 1-1/2” diameter. These bolts are intended for use in structural connections and therefore have shorter thread lengths than standard hex bolts.
These types of bolts are designed to be tightened to near their proof strength, in order to create significant bolt tension. The standard states that the bolts must be tightened to at least 70% of the tensile strength. These bolts use the same material as their common cousins (ASTM F568M for metric bolts), but have a thicker and wider head to more effectively distribute the load. This modified geometry is often referred to as heavy hex geometry.
In 2016, ASTM officially withdrew specification A325 and replaced it with ASTM F3125. To minimize confusion, bolt head markings are unchanged and the designation A325 is retained as a grade name within the new standard.
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Technical Specifications
| TYPES OF F3125 GRADE A325 BOLTS | |
| TYPE 1 | Medium carbon, carbon boron, or medium carbon alloy steel. (STANDARD) |
| TYPE 2 | Withdrawn November 1991. |
| TYPE 3 | Weathering steel. |
| T | Fully threaded A325. (Restricted to 4 times the diameter in length). |
| M | Metric A325. |
| Bolt Diam. | E | F | G | H | T | |||||
| Body Diam. | With Across Flat | With Across Corners | Head Height | Thread Length | ||||||
| Max | Basic | Max | Min | Max | Min | Basic | Max | Min | Basic | |
| 1/2-13 | 0.515 | 7/8 | 0.875 | 0.850 | 1.010 | 0.969 | 5/16 | 0.323 | 0.302 | 1.00 |
| 5/8-11 | 0.642 | 1 1/16 | 1.062 | 1.031 | 1.227 | 1.175 | 25/64 | 0.403 | 0.378 | 1.25 |
| 3/4-10 | 0.768 | 1 1/4 | 1.250 | 1.212 | 1.443 | 1.383 | 15/32 | 0.483 | 0.455 | 1.38 |
| 7/8-9 | 0.895 | 1 7/16 | 1.438 | 1.394 | 1.660 | 1.589 | 35/64 | 0.563 | 0.531 | 1.50 |
| 1-8 | 1.022 | 1 5/8 | 1.625 | 1.575 | 1.876 | 1.796 | 39/64 | 0.627 | 0.591 | 1.75 |
| 1 1/8-7 | 1.149 | 1 13/16 | 1.812 | 1.756 | 2.093 | 2.002 | 11/16 | 0.718 | 0.658 | 2.00 |
| 1 1/4-7 | 1.277 | 2 | 2.00 | 1.938 | 2.309 | 2.209 | 25/32 | 0.813 | 0.749 | 2.00 |
| 1 3/8-6 | 1.404 | 2 3/16 | 2.188 | 2.119 | 2.526 | 2.416 | 27/32 | 0.878 | 0.810 | 2.25 |
| 1 1/2-6 | 1.531 | 2 3/8 | 2.375 | 2.300 | 2.742 | 2.622 | 15/16 | 0.974 | 0.902 | 2.25 |
| F3125 Grade A325 Dimensions, Threads & Grade Marking | ||
| Type 1 | Type 3 | |
| Style – Heavy Hex Bolts | ||
| Dimensions, ASMEB | B18,2,6 | B18,2,6 |
| Thread Fit, ASMEB | B1.1 UNC 2A | B1.1 UNC 2A |
| Grade MarkingA, C | A325 | A325 |
A A325 and A325M bolts lengths up to 4D which are fully threaded but which are not required to be fully threaded by the relevant ASME standard shall be marked with a “T”, see Supplementary Requirement S1. Bolts with any other non-standard dimensions, including thread length, shall be marked with an “S”, see Supplementary Requirement S2.
B Manufactured to the latest revision at the time of manufacture, UNC for inch series and Metric Coarse (MC) for Metric Series.
C Previously used markings may be sold and used indefinitely, bolts must be manufactured to current marking requirements upon initial publication of this standard.
Source: The table above is inspired by Table 1 from the ASTM F3125 Standard that you can purchase on the ASTM Website
| Bolt Diameter(inch) | Length to add (inch) | ||
| No Washer / One Nut | One Washer / One Nut | Two Washers / One Nut | |
| 1/2 | 11/16 | 55/64 | 1 1/64 |
| 5/8 | 7/8 | 1 1/32 | 1 3/16 |
| 3/4 | 1 | 1 5/32 | 1 5/16 |
| 7/8 | 1 1/8 | 1 9/32 | 1 7/16 |
| 1 | 1 1/4 | 1 13/32 | 1 9/16 |
| 1 1/8 | 1 1/2 | 1 21/32 | 1 13/16 |
| 1 1/4 | 1 5/8 | 1 25/32 | 1 15/16 |
| 1 3/8 | 1 3/4 | 1 29/32 | 2 1/16 |
| 1 1/2 | 1 7/8 | 2 1/32 | 2 3/16 |
** In the case of a Beveled Washer being used, add 5/16″ to the ‘No Washer’ corresponding column.
E.G : If you are looking to clamp 2 Metal Frames of 3/8″ thick each , using 3/4″ diameter bolt assembled structural bolts with one washer. The length of the bolt would need to be (3/8″ X 2) + 1 5/32″ = 1.90625″ rounding up on the size (increment by 1/4″ inch) would give us 3/4″ X 2″ A325 Structural Bolts.
Have any question ? Our professional team will gladly help you, you may send any inquiry at Boulonseclair@boulonseclair.com .
| Chemical RequirementsC For ASTM F3125 Grade A325-1 & F1852-1 Bolts | |
| Element | Carbon or AlloyD with or Without Boron |
| Carbon | 0.30 – 0.52 |
| Manganese, min | 0.60 min |
| Phosphorus Max | 0.035 |
| Sulfur Max | 0.040 |
| Silicon | 0.15 – 0.30 |
| Boron | 0.003 max |
| Copper | B |
| Nickel | B |
| Chromium | B |
| Vanadium | B |
| Molybdenum | B |
| Titanium | B |
B Not Specified.
C Product analysis that is outside the specified range is permitted provided it is within 10% of the value required of the heat analysis. For example Heat analysis C 0.30-0.52 = Product analysis C 0.27-0.57 or Phosphorus max Heat analysis 0.040 = Product analysis 0.044.
D Steel, as defined by the American Iron and Steel Institute, shall be considered to be alloy when the maximum of the range given for the content of alloying elements exceeds one or more of the following limits: Manganese, 1.65 %; silicon, 0.60 %; copper, 0.60 % or in which a definite range or a definite minimum quantity of any of the following elements is specified or required within the limits of the recognized field of constructional alloy steels: aluminum, chromium up to 3.99 %, cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, or any other alloying elements added to obtain a desired alloying effect.
Source: The table above is inspired by Table 2 from the ASTM F3125 Standard that you can purchase on the ASTM Website
Chemical RequirementsC For ASTM F3125 Grade A325-3
| Element | Composition A | Composition B | Based on Corrosion IndexE |
| Carbon | 0.33 – 0.40 | 0.38 – 0.48 | 0.30 – 0.52 max |
| Manganese | 0.90 – 1.20 | 0.70 – 0.90 | 0.60 min |
| Phosphorus Max | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| Sulfur Max | 0.040 | 0.040 | 0.040 |
| Silicon | 0.15 – 0.30 | 0.30 – 0.50 | B |
| Boron | B | B | B |
| Copper | 0.25 – 0.45 | 0.20 – 0.40 | 0.20 – 0.60B |
| Nickel | 0.25 – 0.45 | 0.50 – 0.80 | 0.20B, C min |
| Chromium | 0.45 – 0.65 | 0.50 – 0.75 | 0.45B min |
| Vanadium | B | B | B |
| Molybdenum | B | 0.06 max | 0.10B, C min |
| Titanium | B | B | B |
B Not Specified.
C Product analysis that is outside the specified range is permitted provided it is within 10% of the value required of the heat analysis. For example Heat analysis C 0.30-0.52 = Product analysis C 0.27-0.57 or Phosphorus max Heat analysis 0.040 = Product analysis 0.044.
E Type 3 bolts conforming to Table 2, or Type 3 bolts which have a copper minimum Heat Analysis of 0.20% and a Corrosion Index of 6 or higher as calculated from the Heat Analysis as described in Guide G101 Predictive method based on the data of Larabee and and Coburn shall be accepted: I = 26.01 (% Cu) + 3.88 (% Ni) + 1.20 (% Cr) + 1.49 (% Si) + 17.28 (% P) – 7.29 (% Cu) (% Ni) – 9.10 (%Ni) (% P) – 33.39 (% Cu)2
Source: The table above is inspired by Table 2 from the ASTM F3125 Standard that you can purchase on the ASTM Website
F3125 Grade A325 & F1852 TENSILE STRENGHT REQUIREMENTS FOR BOLTS TESTED FULL SIZE
| Stress AreaA | Tensile Min. | Proof LoadC Min. | Proof LoadD Min. | |
| in. | in2. | ft-lb | ft-lb | ft-lb |
| 1/2-13 | 0.142 in2. | 17 050 ft-lb | 12 050 ft-lb | 13 050 ft-lb |
| 5/8-11 | 0.226 in2. | 27 100 ft-lb | 19 200 ft-lb | 20 800 ft-lb |
| 3/4-10 | 0.334 in2. | 40 100 ft-lb | 28 400 ft-lb | 30 700 ft-lb |
| 7/8-9 | 0.462 in2. | 55 450 ft-lb | 39 250 ft-lb | 42 500 ft-lb |
| 1-8 | 0.606 in2. | 72 700 ft-lb | 51 500 ft-lb | 55 750 ft-lb |
| 1 1/8-7 | 0.763 in2. | 91 600 ft-lbB | 64 900 ft-lbB | 70 250 ft-lbB |
| 1 1/4-7 | 0.969 in2. | 116 300 ft-lbB | 82 400 ft-lbB | 89 200 ft-lbB |
| 1 3/8-6 | 1.155 in2. | 138 600 ft-lbB | 98 200 ft-lbB | 106 300 ft-lbB |
| 1 1/2-6 | 1.405 in2. | 168 600 ft-lbB | 119 500 ft-lbB | 129 300 ft-lbB |
| Above Values Based On | * | 120 000 psi | 85 000 psi | 92 000 psi |
A The stress area is calculated as follows for inch: AS = 0.7854 [D – (0.9743/P)]2; for Metric: AS = 0.7854 (D – 0.9382P)2; where AS = Stress Area, D = Nominal Bolt Size, and P = thread pitch.
B Previous versions of A325 and F1852 required tensile testing based on 105 ksi min. tensile strength for larger diameters, and proof load testing of 74 ksi (length measurement method) and 81 ksi (yield strength method). This specification was changed to align with AISC/RCSC design and installation values and metric equivalent strength levels.
C Proof load length measurement.
D Alternative Proof load Yield Strength Method.
Source: The table above is inspired by Table 4 from the ASTM F3125 Standard that you can purchase on the ASTM Website
A490 Mechanical Properties
| Size | Tensile, ksi | Yield, ksi | Elong. %, min | RA %, min |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2 – 1-1/2 | 150-173 | 130 | 14 | 40 |
A490 Chemical Properties
| Type 1 Bolts | ||
|---|---|---|
| Element | Sizes 1/2 to 1-3/8 | Size 1-1/2 |
| Carbon, max | 0.30 – 0.48% | 0.35 – 0.53% |
| Phosphorus, max | 0.040% | 0.040% |
| Sulfur, max | 0.040% | 0.040% |
| Alloying Elements | * | * |
| * Steel, as defined by the American Iron and Steel Institute, shall be considered to be alloy when the maximum range given for the content of alloying elements exceeds one of more of the following limits: Manganese, 1.65%, silicon, 0.60%, copper, 0.60%, or in which a definite range or a minimum quantity of any of the following elements is specified or required within the limits of the recognized field of constructional alloy steels: aluminum, chromium up to 3.99%, cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium or any other alloying elements added to obtain a desired alloying effect. | ||
| Type 3 Bolts | ||
|---|---|---|
| Element | Sizes 1/2 to 3/4 | Size above 3/4 |
| Carbon | 0.20 – 0.53% | 0.30 – 0.53% |
| Manganese, min | 0.40% | 0.40% |
| Phosphorus, max | 0.035% | 0.035% |
| Sulfur, max | 0.040% | 0.040% |
| Copper | 0.20 – 0.60% | 0.20 – 0.60% |
| Chromium, min | 0.45% | 0.45% |
| Nickel, min | 0.20% | 0.20% |
| or | ||
| Molybdenum, min | 0.15% | 0.15% |
| PERMITTED COATINGH | ||||
| F2329A | B695A | F1136E,G | F2833F,G | |
| Bolt | Hot-Dip Galvanized | Mechanically Deposited Zinc | Zinc/Aluminum | Zinc/Aluminum |
| A325 | 50 μm | Class 55 | Grade 3 | Grade 1 |
| DIMENSIONAL LIMITS | BOLT PITCH DIAM. | BOLT PITCH DIAM. | BOLT PITCH DIAM. | BOLT PITCH DIAM. |
| OS AFTER COATINGC,D | OS AFTER COATINGC | OS AFTER COATINGC | OS AFTER COATINGC | |
| IN. | IN. | IN. | IN. | |
| 1/2-13 UNC | 0.018 | 0.012 | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| 5/8-11 UNC | 0.020 | 0.013 | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| 3/4-10 UNC | 0.020 | 0.013 | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| 7/8-9 UNC | 0.022 | 0.015 | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| 1-8 UNC | 0.024 | 0.016 | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| 1 1/8-7 UNC | 0.024 | 0.016 | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| 1 1/4-7 UNC | 0.024 | 0.016 | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| 1 3/8-6 UNC | 0.027 | 0.018 | 0.010 | 0.010 |
| 1 1/2-6 UNC | 0.027 | 0.018 | 0.0.10 | 0.010 |
A Supplementary nut lubrication to A563 S1 is required for hot dip and mechanically deposited zinc coatings.
C Bolt pitch oversize limit in case of dispute. Material within the plain gauge limits which meets the coating thickness requirements and assembles freely need not be
measured to this tolerance.
D Hot-Dip galvanized is typically tapped after coating. Others coatings are typically applied after nut tapping.
E Grade 5 of this coating meets the supplementary lubrication requirements of A563 S1.
F Grade 1 of this coating meets the supplementary lubrication requirements of A563 S1.
G Nuts overtapped for coating for use with 150 ksi/1040 MPa minimum tensile strength fasteners shall be proof load tested to a minimum of 175,000 psi after overtapping.
H Other metallic and non-metallic coatings may be used on 120 ksi/830 MPa minimum tensile fasteners upon agreement between the purchaser and user. Performance
requirements shall be specified by the purchaser and agreed to in writing. Coatings for 150 ksi/1040 MPa bolts must be qualified.
OS = over-size
Source: The table above is inspired by Table A1.1 from the ASTM F3125 Standard that you can purchase on the ASTM Website
With every structural fastener that is provided by Lightning Bolts comes a Mill Test Report that is sent through automatic compiling of technical datas at the moment of invoice.
Lightning Bolts also provides precise certificates of assembly for the bolts that we assemble inhouse and that will enable a full tracability of every component used in your set. Quality is our priority.
On demand, we will also write a certification letter about the items contained in your order complying to the highest ASTM standards for the item descriptions contained in your purchase order.
Per ASTM F3125 Annex section 2.1.1, the rotational capacity test is defined as a test, “intended to evaluate the presence of a lubricant, the efficiency of lubricant and the compatibility of assemblies.” In a 1970 study referenced by the Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC), it was shown that galvanizing increases the friction between the bolt and nut threads as well as the variability of the torque-induced pretension. A lower required torque value and more consistent results are obtained when lubricated nuts are used as part of the bolt assembly. Rotational capacity testing must show that the galvanized lubricated nut may be rotated from the snug tight condition well in excess of the rotation required for pretensioned installation without stripping. In layman’s terms, the test is required to show that the nut will not gall on the bolt and that the assembly will develop the pretension load desired.
Since this test requires that each material lot of bolt and nut be tested individually, contractors will typically administer this test on the job site.
| TYPES OF F3125 GRADE A325 BOLTS | |
| TYPE 1 | Medium carbon, carbon boron, or medium carbon alloy steel. (STANDARD) |
| TYPE 2 | Withdrawn November 1991. |
| TYPE 3 | Weathering steel. |
| T | Fully threaded A325. (Restricted to 4 times the diameter in length). |
| M | Metric A325. |
| F3125 Grade A325, A490, F1852 & F2280 Matching Components | ||
| Type 1 | Type 3 | |
| Recommended Nut and Washer | ||
| Plain Nut | A563 DH | A563 DH3 |
| Suitable Alternative | DH3, D, C, C3, A194 2H | C3 |
| Coated Nut | A563 DH, A194 2H | A563 DH3 |
| Flat, Bevel or Thick washer if used | F436-1 | F436-3 |